Advanced treatment
Targeted Therapy
Drugs that act on a specific molecular marker in cancer cells, chosen from biomarker test results.

Not a diagnosis and not final medical advice. Must be reviewed by a doctor.
What is it?
Targeted therapy relies on biomarkers, so molecular testing is an important part of planning.
Some drugs are given orally and some through infusion.
Progression after targeted therapy remains possible so tissue reexamination is often considered.
The drugs inhibit specific signaling pathways that drive cancer cell growth, rather than attacking all rapidly dividing cells.
How it works
The drugs inhibit specific signaling pathways that drive cancer cell growth, rather than attacking all rapidly dividing cells.
Position in the treatment pathway: Generally considered when actionable markers are found, often in advanced or relapsing disease.

Which cancers is it usually discussed for?

Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is divided into non-small-cell and small-cell groups, and molecular markers strongly shape which treatment options are discussed.
Open cancer page
Stomach Cancer
Stomach cancer is most often adenocarcinoma, and HER2, PD-L1, MSI/MMR and CLDN18.2 status can change which treatment options are discussed.
Open cancer page
Lymphoma
Lymphoma is a malignancy of the lymphatic system with many subtypes, and accurate pathological classification determines the direction of treatment.
Open cancer page
Multiple Myeloma
Multiple myeloma is a malignancy of plasma cells in the bone marrow, with cytogenetic markers that matter when treatment strategy is considered.
Open cancer page
Usually considered
- Appropriate biological markers were found in valid examinations.
- Common conditions that allow periodic oral or infusion administration.
Usually not a candidate
- The markers found do not match the available drug indications.
- Conditions of certain organs that require adjustment or become obstacles.
What is the process like?
Preparation 1
Make sure the molecular examination report is available and completely legible.
Preparation 2
Check for interactions with other drugs you are taking.
Monitoring
Periodic imaging to assess response.
All preparation
- Make sure the molecular examination report is available and completely legible.
- Check for interactions with other drugs you are taking.
All monitoring
- Periodic imaging to assess response.
- Laboratory tests to monitor side effects.
Risks and points to watch
Side-effect notes, not a complete list
- Side effects vary by target and may differ from classic chemotherapy.
- Complaints such as rashes, diarrhea, or certain organ disorders need to be reported.
What needs to be checked?

Next-generation sequencing (NGS)
A test that reads many genes from one tumour sample to find actionable changes.
View test
Tumour tissue biopsy
Collection of tumour tissue to confirm the diagnosis and provide material for further testing.
View test
Liquid biopsy (ctDNA)
A blood test that looks for tumour genetic material to supplement or partly replace tissue testing.
View test
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
A test that uses antibodies to mark specific proteins in tumour tissue.
View test
FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridisation)
A test that detects changes in the number or arrangement of genetic material in tumour cells.
View test
PD-L1 immunohistochemistry
A staining test to assess PD-L1 expression and its score.
View test
EGFR
EGFR is a gene that regulates cell growth signals.
View biomarker
ALK
ALK fusion occurs when two genes fuse and produce abnormal growth signals.
View biomarker
ROS1
ROS1 is a gene that, when fused with other genes, can encourage the growth of cancer cells.
View biomarker
KRAS
KRAS is a gene that regulates growth signals.
View biomarker
MET
MET is a gene involved in cell growth signaling.
View biomarker
RET
RET fusion occurs when the RET gene fuses with another gene.
View biomarker
BRAF
BRAF is a gene that regulates cell growth signals.
View biomarker
HER2
HER2 is a protein on the surface of cells that can promote growth.
View biomarker
NTRK
NTRK fusion is a change that combines the NTRK gene with another gene.
View biomarker
CLDN18.2
CLDN18.2 is a protein that is usually found in gastric cells and can also be found in gastric cancer cells.
View biomarker
Cost and access
Cost figures depend heavily on location, facility and payer. We do not show estimated figures on this page; what can be prepared first are the questions.
Osimertinib
Third generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor
- Availability may vary between health facilities and changes over time.
- Funding pathway (insurance, patient access program, or self-directed) needs to be confirmed.
- Prices are not listed because they cannot be verified responsibly.
Alectinib
Second generation ALK inhibitors
- Availability may vary between health facilities and changes over time.
- Funding pathway (insurance, patient access program, or self-directed) needs to be confirmed.
- Prices are not listed because they cannot be verified responsibly.
Lorlatinib
Third generation ALK/ROS1 inhibitor
- Availability may vary between health facilities and changes over time.
- Funding pathway (insurance, patient access program, or self-directed) needs to be confirmed.
- Prices are not listed because they cannot be verified responsibly.
Sotorasib
KRAS G12C inhibitor
- Availability may vary between health facilities and changes over time.
- Funding pathway (insurance, patient access program, or self-directed) needs to be confirmed.
- Prices are not listed because they cannot be verified responsibly.
Tepotinib
Selective MET inhibitor
- Availability may vary between health facilities and changes over time.
- Funding pathway (insurance, patient access program, or self-directed) needs to be confirmed.
- Prices are not listed because they cannot be verified responsibly.
Selpercatinib
Selective RET inhibitor
- Availability may vary between health facilities and changes over time.
- Funding pathway (insurance, patient access program, or self-directed) needs to be confirmed.
- Prices are not listed because they cannot be verified responsibly.
Trastuzumab deruxtecan
Anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate
- Availability may vary between health facilities and changes over time.
- Funding pathway (insurance, patient access program, or self-directed) needs to be confirmed.
- Prices are not listed because they cannot be verified responsibly.
Zolbetuximab
Anti-CLDN18.2 monoclonal antibody
- Availability may vary between health facilities and changes over time.
- Funding pathway (insurance, patient access program, or self-directed) needs to be confirmed.
- Prices are not listed because they cannot be verified responsibly.
Dabrafenib
BRAF inhibitors
- Availability may vary between health facilities and changes over time.
- Funding pathway (insurance, patient access program, or self-directed) needs to be confirmed.
- Prices are not listed because they cannot be verified responsibly.
Trametinib
MEK inhibitor
- Availability may vary between health facilities and changes over time.
- Funding pathway (insurance, patient access program, or self-directed) needs to be confirmed.
- Prices are not listed because they cannot be verified responsibly.
Providers and clinical trials
Access status not yet verified
NCT03191149Phase 2Targeted therapy
Testing Osimertinib as a Treatment for Lung Cancers With an EGFR Exon 20 Change
Lung Cancer | biomarker: EGFR | Targeted therapy
United States347 registry sites
Why this appears: Appears because it is recorded for Lung Cancer, it mentions marker EGFR, the treatment category is Targeted therapy.
What to verify: Acceptance of patients from outside the local country has not been verified.
- Registry
- Recruiting in registry
- Site
- Not verified
- International access
- Unknown
- Patient match
- Not assessed
Last checked 16 Oktober 2026Source ClinicalTrials.govNCT03191149Not verified
NCT05947851Phase 3Combination regimen
A Study of Nemtabrutinib Plus Venetoclax vs Venetoclax + Rituximab (VR) in Second-line (2L) + Relapsed/Refractory (R/R) Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (CLL/SLL) (MK-1026-010/BELLWAVE-010).
Lymphoma | Immunotherapy, Targeted therapy
United States, Argentina, Australia +1999 registry sites
Why this appears: Appears because it is recorded for Lymphoma, the treatment category is Immunotherapy.
What to verify: Acceptance of patients from outside the local country has not been verified.
- Registry
- Recruiting in registry
- Site
- Not verified
- International access
- Unknown
- Patient match
- Not assessed
Last checked 16 Oktober 2026Source ClinicalTrials.govNCT05947851Not verified
NCT06124157Phase 2Combination regimen
A Study Testing the Combination of Dasatinib or Imatinib to Chemotherapy Treatment With Blinatumomab for Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Philadelphia Chromosome Positive (Ph+) or ABL-Class Philadelphia Chromosome-Like (Ph-Like) B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL)
Lymphoma | Targeted therapy, Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy
United States, Australia, Canada +1159 registry sites
Why this appears: Appears because it is recorded for Lymphoma, the treatment category is Targeted therapy.
What to verify: Acceptance of patients from outside the local country has not been verified.
- Registry
- Recruiting in registry
- Site
- Not verified
- International access
- Unknown
- Patient match
- Not assessed
Last checked 16 Oktober 2026Source ClinicalTrials.govNCT06124157Not verified
NCT06203600Phase 2 / Phase 3Combination regimen
Adding Nivolumab to Usual Treatment for People With Advanced Stomach or Esophageal Cancer, PARAMUNE Trial
Stomach Cancer | biomarker: PD-L1 | Immunotherapy, Targeted therapy, Chemotherapy
United States375 registry sites
Why this appears: Appears because it is recorded for Stomach Cancer, it mentions marker PD-L1, the treatment category is Immunotherapy.
What to verify: Acceptance of patients from outside the local country has not been verified.
- Registry
- Recruiting in registry
- Site
- Not verified
- International access
- Unknown
- Patient match
- Not assessed
Last checked 16 Oktober 2026Source ClinicalTrials.govNCT06203600Not verified
NCT06317662Phase 2Combination regimen
Testing the Addition of the Anti-cancer Drug Venetoclax and/or the Anti-cancer Immunotherapy Blinatumomab to the Usual Chemotherapy Treatment for Infants With Newly Diagnosed KMT2A-rearranged or KMT2A-non-rearranged Leukemia
Lymphoma | Immunotherapy, Targeted therapy, Chemotherapy
United States, Puerto Rico116 registry sites
Why this appears: Appears because it is recorded for Lymphoma, the treatment category is Immunotherapy.
What to verify: Acceptance of patients from outside the local country has not been verified.
- Registry
- Recruiting in registry
- Site
- Not verified
- International access
- Unknown
- Patient match
- Not assessed
Last checked 16 Oktober 2026Source ClinicalTrials.govNCT06317662Not verified
NCT07007182Phase 2Combination regimen
Conversion Therapy Plus Surgery and Radiotherapy for Retroperitoneal Nodal Metastases in Gastric Cancer
Stomach Cancer | Targeted therapy, Radiotherapy
China1 registry sites
Why this appears: Appears because it is recorded for Stomach Cancer, the treatment category is Targeted therapy.
What to verify: Acceptance of patients from outside the local country has not been verified.
- Registry
- Recruiting in registry
- Site
- Not verified
- International access
- Unknown
- Patient match
- Not assessed
Last checked 16 Oktober 2026Source ClinicalTrials.govNCT07007182Not verified
Questions for the doctor
- Which marker is the basis for choosing this category of drugs?
- What will be done if progression occurs?
- Is it necessary to take a new tissue sample before starting?
Sources
- NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms(lembaga)
Is Targeted Therapy relevant for my case?
Ask for an initial review. We will explain which documents and markers need to be completed before discussion with a doctor.
Upload reports
Photos or PDFs of pathology, biomarkers, imaging and treatment history.
Case structured
Documents are turned into a structured case summary.
Navigator review
A human navigator checks completeness before anything is shared.
Provider review
With your consent, the case is discussed with providers for assessment and a written quote.
Is Targeted Therapy relevant for my case?
Ask for an initial review. We will explain which documents and markers need to be completed before discussion with a doctor.
After submission, a human navigator reviews your request and contacts you through your chosen channel. The WhatsApp message already includes this page context, so you do not need to explain from the beginning.
Clinical data is not requested in the form and is not sent to analytics. Do not send medical reports through WhatsApp or email; use the secure upload page. We do not promise eligibility or any treatment outcome.
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Clinical trials mentioning this category
67 public registry records mention this category.

Upload Medical Reports
Find out whether this category is worth asking about for your case, using structured documents.
Next steps
These suggestions come from links between entries in TanyaKanker's database, not from a medical judgement. Each suggestion includes why it appears.
Next to learn
- ALK
Biomarker
Reason: Related through a biomarker
- BCR-ABL
Biomarker
Reason: Related through a biomarker
- Abemaciclib
Drug
Reason: Uses this drug
- Acalabrutinib
Drug
Reason: Uses this drug
- onkologi-medis
Service
Reason: Related to this page
- What biomarker results do and do not say
Explainer
Reason: Related to this page
To check
- Tumour tissue biopsy
Diagnostic test
Reason: Memerlukan pemeriksaan
- FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridisation)
Diagnostic test
Reason: Memerlukan pemeriksaan
- Gastric cancer after chemotherapy no longer gives results
Decision situation
Reason: Mungkin memerlukan
- Newly diagnosed lung cancer
Decision situation
Reason: Mungkin memerlukan
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Diagnostic test
Reason: Memerlukan pemeriksaan
- Liquid biopsy (ctDNA)
Diagnostic test
Reason: Memerlukan pemeriksaan
What you can do
- Upload medical reports
Build a case summary in twelve steps
Reason: Often the most useful next step after reading this page
- Request a second opinion
Review of the treatment plan
Reason: Relevant when a treatment plan is being considered
- Consult a navigator
A request is recorded with this page context
Reason: For asking the next step directly
Recently updated
- Leukemia
Cancer page
Date: Data revision 2026-09-10
- Brain Cancer
Cancer page
Date: Data revision 2026-09-10
- Pancreatic Cancer
Cancer page
Date: Data revision 2026-09-10
- Testing Osimertinib as a Treatment for Lung Cancers With an EGFR Exon 20 Change
NCT03191149 - Phase 2
Date: Registry update in the last 30 days (2026-10-15)
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